---
schema_version: "1"
id: 643bd92a703992dd234ad92448b5f53cb63e146f768442e4a3b1ae96582c9b07
title: Build with Density Marks (Heatmap)
collection: tableau
version: current
locale: en-gb
portal_url: https://docs.salesforce.com/tableau/current/en-gb/public/desktop/buildexamples_density.md
canonical_url: https://help.tableau.com/current/public/desktop/en-gb/buildexamples_density.htm
source_site: help.tableau.com
content_type: documentation
content_hash: 6bd07732cef4412eb35408c8bd3c9abed2249d99fd47c4a9af188f295f786145
description: Build a density mark heatmap to reveal patterns in dense, overlapping data points.
---
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# Build with Density Marks (Heatmap)

Use density chart to visualise patterns or trends in dense data with many overlapping marks. Tableau does this by grouping overlaying marks, and colour-coding them based on the number of marks in the group.

Density maps help you identify locations with greater or fewer numbers of data points.

In Tableau, you can create a chart using the density mark by placing at least one continuous measure on the Columns shelf, and at least one dimension or measure on the Rows shelf (or vice versa), and then adding a field to the Marks card.

**Note**: Density charts work best when used with data sources containing many data points.

The basic building blocks for a density chart are as follows:

- **Mark type**: Density
- **Rows and Columns shelves**: At least one continuous measure, and at least one measure or dimension
- **Marks card**: At least one continuous measure

Density charts use the Density mark type. By default, Tableau will use the automatic mark type.

To show how density charts can help make sense of overlapping marks in Tableau, we're going to start with a scatter plot with a large number of marks and re-create it as a density chart.

To use a density chart to see orders by date, follow these steps:

1. Open the **World Indicators** data source from the **Saved Data Sources** section of the Start screen.
    
    ![A list of saved data sources with "World Indicators" selected.](/tableau/current/en-gb/public/desktop/en-gb/Img/density_world.png)
2. From the Health folder, drag **Infant Mortality Rate** to the Columns shelf. Tableau aggregates the measure as a sum and creates a horizontal axis.
3. Drag the **Life Expectancy Female** to the **Rows** shelf. Now you have a one-mark scatter plot.
    
    ![a scatter plot with one mark](/tableau/current/en-gb/public/desktop/en-gb/Img/density_onepoint.png)
4. Both Infant Mortality and Life Expectancy are aggregated as a **Sum**, rather than average. Right-click on both of these measures and change Measure (Sum) to **Average**.
    
    ![the Measure (Sum) menu](/tableau/current/en-gb/public/desktop/en-gb/Img/density_average.png)
5. Drag the **Country/Region** dimension to **Details** on the Marks card.
    
    Now there are many more marks in your view. The number of marks in your view is now equal to the number of distinct countries in this data set. If you hover over a mark, you can see the country name, female life expectancy and infant mortality rate.
    
    ![a scatterplot with a tooltip](/tableau/current/en-gb/public/desktop/en-gb/Img/density_circlemarks.png)
    
    We've created a basic scatter plot, but there are lots of overlapping marks in the view and it's hard to see where the marks are most dense.
6. On the **Marks** card, select **Density** from the menu to change this scatter plot into a density chart.
    
    Tableau created a density chart by overlaying marks, called kernels, and colour-coding where those kernels overlap. The more overlapping data points, the more intense the colour is.
    
    ![A scatter plot showing the correlation between average infant mortality rate and average female life expectancy.](/tableau/current/en-gb/public/desktop/en-gb/Img/density_bluedensity.png)
    
    Tableau selected a blue colour palette by default, but you can choose from ten density colour palettes or any of the existing colour palettes.
7. Select **Colour** from the **Marks** card and select **Density Multi-colour Light** from the menu.
    
    ![the colour options for density mark type](/tableau/current/en-gb/public/desktop/en-gb/Img/density_colorpalette.png)
    
    The names of the colour palettes indicate whether they're designed for use on charts with dark or light backgrounds. Since our chart has a light background, we picked a "Light" palette. This changes the colour palette on your chart. More concentrated areas will appear red, while areas without overlapping marks will appear green.
    
    **Note:** Colour legends are not available for density marks.
8. In the Colour menu, use the Intensity slider to increase or decrease the vividness of the density marks. For example, increasing intensity, or vividness, lowers the "max heat" spots in your data, so that more appear.
    
    ![A density colour palette applied to a viz.](/tableau/current/en-gb/public/desktop/en-gb/Img/density_colors.gif)
9. Select **Size** from the Marks card to adjust the size of the density's kernel.
    
    ![Increase mark size.](/tableau/current/en-gb/public/desktop/en-gb/Img/kernel.gif)

For more information, see [Change the Type of Mark in the View](https://help.tableau.com/current/public/desktop/en-gb/viewparts_marks_marktypes.htm) and [Create Heatmaps that Show Trends or Density in Tableau](https://help.tableau.com/current/public/desktop/en-gb/maps_howto_heatmap.htm).