You can create named credentials through the UI or programmatically. Follow these links to programmatically create and manage named credentials and external credentials.
Named Credentials
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NamedCredentials Class | Apex Reference Guide
Create, get, update, and delete credentials. Get external credentials. Get the URL for the OAuth token flow for an external credential.
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ConnectApi.NamedCredential | Apex Reference Guide
Named credential associated with an external credential.
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Named Credentials Resources | Connect REST API Developer Guide
Get, create, refresh, replace, update, and delete a credential. Get the URL for the OAuth token flow for an external credential. Get, create, update, and delete external credentials. Get, create, update, and delete named credentials.
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Metadata API, Tooling API, and Object Reference:
Represents a named credential, which specifies the URL of a callout endpoint and its required authentication parameters in one definition. A named credential can be specified as an endpoint to simplify the setup of authenticated callouts.
Available in the Metadata API and the Object Reference in API version 33.0 and later. Available in the Tooling API in API version 51.0 and later.
External Credentials
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ConnectApi.ExternalCredential | Apex Reference Guide
External credential, including the named credentials and principals associated with it and the type and status of each principal.
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ConnectApi.ExternalCredentialParameter | Apex Reference Guide
External credential parameters.
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Metadata API and Tooling API:
Represents the details of how Salesforce authenticates to the external system.
Available in the Metadata API and the Tooling API in API version 56.0 and later.