---
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title: Identify Subtotals with GROUP BY
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---

# Identify Subtotals with GROUP BY

When you use the GROUP BY ROLLUP or GROUP BY CUBE clause in a SOQL query to add the subtotals, you can identify whether the row is a subtotal for a field using the `GROUPING(fieldName)` function.

If you are iterating through the query result to create a report or chart of the data, you have to distinguish between aggregated data and subtotal rows. You can use [`GROUPING(fieldName)`](https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/platform/salesforce-soql-sosl/guide/sforce-api-calls-soql-select-grouping.md) to do this. Using `GROUPING(fieldName)` is more important for interpreting your results when you have more than one field in your `GROUP BY ROLLUP` or `GROUP BY CUBE` clause. It is the best way to differentiate between aggregated data and subtotals.

This example query returns subtotals for combinations of the `LeadSource` and `Rating` fields. `GROUPING(LeadSource)` indicates if the row is an aggregated row for the `LeadSource` field, and `GROUPING(Rating)` does the same for the `Rating` field.

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```soql
SELECT LeadSource, Rating,
    GROUPING(LeadSource) grpLS, GROUPING(Rating) grpRating,
    COUNT(Name) cnt
FROM Lead
GROUP BY ROLLUP(LeadSource, Rating)
```

The following table shows the query results.

| LeadSource             | Rating | grpLS | grpRating | cnt  | Comment                                                                                                                                  |
| ---------------------- | ------ | ----- | --------- | ---- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `Web`                  | `null` | `0`   | `0`       | `5`  | Five leads with `LeadSource` = `Web` with no `Rating`                                                                                    |
| `Web`                  | `Hot`  | `0`   | `0`       | `1`  | One lead with `LeadSource` = `Web` with `Rating` = `Hot`                                                                                 |
| `Web`                  | `Warm` | `0`   | `0`       | `1`  | One lead with `LeadSource` = `Web` with `Rating` = `Warm`                                                                                |
| **`Web`**              | `null` | `0`   | `1`       | `7`  | Subtotal of seven leads with `LeadSource` = `Web` (`grpRating` = `1` indicates that result is grouped by the `Rating` field)             |
| `Phone Inquiry`        | `null` | `0`   | `0`       | `4`  | Four leads with `LeadSource` = `Phone Inquiry` with no `Rating`                                                                          |
| **`Phone Inquiry`**    | `null` | `0`   | `1`       | `4`  | Subtotal of four leads with `LeadSource` = `Phone Inquiry` (`grpRating` = `1` indicates that result is grouped by the `Rating` field)    |
| `Partner Referral`     | `null` | `0`   | `0`       | `4`  | Four leads with `LeadSource` = `Partner Referral` with no `Rating`                                                                       |
| **`Partner Referral`** | `null` | `0`   | `1`       | `4`  | Subtotal of four leads with `LeadSource` = `Partner Referral` (`grpRating` = `1` indicates that result is grouped by the `Rating` field) |
| `Purchased List`       | `null` | `0`   | `0`       | `7`  | Seven leads with `LeadSource` = `Purchased List` with no `Rating`                                                                        |
| **`Purchased List`**   | `null` | `0`   | `1`       | `7`  | Subtotal of seven leads with `LeadSource` = `Purchased List` (`grpRating` = `1` indicates that result is grouped by the `Rating` field)  |
| `null`                 | `null` | `1`   | `1`       | `22` | Grand total of 22 leads (`grpRating` = `1` and `grpLS` = `1` indicates this is the grand total)                                          |

**tip:** The order of the fields listed in the `GROUP BY ROLLUP` clause is important. For example, if you are more interested in getting subtotals for each `Rating` instead of for each `LeadSource`, switch the field order to `GROUP BY ROLLUP(Rating, LeadSource)`.