--- schema_version: "1" id: f674b6138974194ca6310d673dfa65acadfaee32149a252998be1a79b3d6afbe title: Expression Operators Reference collection: developer version: current locale: en-us portal_url: https://docs.salesforce.com/developer/current/en-us/platform/aura-platform/guides/aura/expr/expr-operators.md canonical_url: https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/platform/aura-platform/guide/expr-operators.html source_site: developer.salesforce.com content_type: documentation content_hash: 2136249546834a857573c47ac0150db91464383524907c55bfb6f250d7f74c41 products: - Lightning Aura Components Developer Guide - Platform Developer Content --- # Expression Operators Reference The expression language supports operators to enable you to create more complex expressions. ## Arithmetic Operators Expressions based on arithmetic operators result in numerical values. | Operator | Usage | Description | | -------- | -------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | `+` | `1 + 1` | Add two numbers. | | `-` | `2 - 1` | Subtract one number from the other. | | `*` | `2 * 2` | Multiply two numbers. | | `/` | `4 / 2` | Divide one number by the other. | | `%` | `5 % 2` | Return the integer remainder of dividing the first number by the second. | | `-` | `-v.exp` | Unary operator. Reverses the sign of the succeeding number. For example if the value of `expenses` is `100`, then `-expenses` is `-100`. | ## Numeric Literals | Literal | Usage | Description | | ------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | Integer | `2` | Integers are numbers without a decimal point or exponent. | | Float | ` 3.14``-1.1e10 `|Numbers with a decimal point, or numbers with an exponent. | | Null | `null` | A literal null number. Matches the explicit null value **and** numbers with an undefined value. | ## String Operators Expressions based on string operators result in string values. | Operator | Usage | Description | | -------- | -------------------------- | ---------------------------------- | | `+` | `'Title: ' + v.note.title` | Concatenates two strings together. | ## String Literals String literals must be enclosed in single quotation marks `'like this'`. | Literal | Usage | Description | | ----------- | --------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | string | `'hello world'` | Literal strings must be enclosed in single quotation marks. Double quotation marks are reserved for enclosing attribute values, and must be escaped in strings. | | \\\ | `'\n'` | Whitespace characters: `\t` (tab), `\n` (newline), or `\r` (carriage return). Escaped characters: `\"` (literal "), `\'` (literal '), or `\\` (literal \\). | | Unicode | `'\u####'` | A Unicode code point. The # symbols are hexadecimal digits. A Unicode literal requires four digits. | | null | `null` | A literal null string. Matches the explicit null value and strings with an undefined value. | ## Comparison Operators Expressions based on comparison operators result in a `true` or `false` value. For comparison purposes, numbers are treated as the same type. In all other cases, comparisons check both value and type. | Operator | Alternative | Usage | Description | | -------- | ----------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | `==` | `eq` | `1 == 1` `1 == 1.0` `1 eq 1` | Returns `true` if the operands are equal. This comparison is valid for all data types. | | `!=` | `ne` | ` 1 != 2``1 != true``1 != '1'``null != false``1 ne 2 `|Returns `true` if the operands are not equal. This comparison is valid for all data types. | | `<` | `lt` | ` 1 < 2``1 lt 2 `|Returns `true` if the first operand is numerically less than the second. You must escape the `<` operator to `<` to use it in component markup. Alternatively, you can use the `lt` operator. | | `>` | `gt` | ` 42 > 2``42 gt 2 `|Returns `true` if the first operand is numerically greater than the second. | | `<=` | `le` | ` 2 <= 42``2 le 42 `|Returns `true` if the first operand is numerically less than or equal to the second. You must escape the `<=` operator to `<=` to use it in component markup. Alternatively, you can use the `le` operator. | | `>=` | `ge` | ` 42 >= 42``42 ge 42 `|Returns `true` if the first operand is numerically greater than or equal to the second. | `undefined==null` evaluates to `true`. **warning:** Don’t use the `==` operator for objects, as opposed to basic types, such as Integer or String. For example, `object1==object2` evaluates inconsistently on the client versus the server and isn’t reliable. ## Logical Operators Expressions based on logical operators result in a `true` or `false` value. | Operator | Usage | Description | | ------------ | ------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | `&&` | `isEnabled && hasPermission` | Returns `true` if both operands are individually true. If you have more than two arguments, you can chain multiple `&&` operations. This syntax is awkward in markup so we recommend the alternative of using the `and()` function when you have two arguments. For example, `and(isEnabled, hasPermission)`. The `and()` function only works with two arguments. | | `\|\|` | `hasPermission \|\| isRequired` | Returns `true` if either operand is individually true. If you have more than two arguments, you can chain multiple `\|\|` operations. You can alternatively use the `or()` function when you have only two arguments. The `or()` function only works with two arguments. | | `!` | `!isRequired` | Unary operator. Returns `true` if the operand is false. This operator should not be confused with the `!` delimiter used to start an expression in `{!`. You can combine the expression delimiter with this negation operator to return the logical negation of a value, for example, `{!!true}` returns `false`. | ## Logical Literals Logical values are never equivalent to non-logical values. That is, only `true == true`, and only `false == false`; `1 != true`, and `0 != false`, and `null != false`. | Literal | Usage | Description | | ------- | ------- | ------------------------ | | true | `true` | A boolean `true` value. | | false | `false` | A boolean `false` value. | ## Conditional Operator There is only one conditional operator, the traditional ternary operator. | Operator | Usage | Description | | -------- | ------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | | `? :` | `(1 != 2) ? "Obviously" : "Black is White"` | The operand before the `?` operator is evaluated as a boolean. If true, the second operand is returned. If false, the third operand is returned. | **See Also** - [Expression Functions Reference](https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/platform/aura-platform/guide/expr-functions.md)