---
schema_version: "1"
id: b0b7ea34cc156815309e3f7c6555cb579e2bcf9c86fac8855c97e9bbe7667442
title: Reserved Keywords in Formulas
collection: admin
version: current
locale: en-us
portal_url: https://docs.salesforce.com/admin/current/en-us/analytics/264-0-0/bi_integrate_recipe_string_functions_keywords.md
canonical_url: https://help.salesforce.com/s/articleView?id=analytics.bi_integrate_recipe_string_functions_keywords.htm&release=264.0.0&type=5
source_site: help.salesforce.com
content_type: documentation
content_hash: 597c626fd3e6bb471082bf5fc11e33d7f00695d7c243ca20cd96f6ce4bc12b49
description: In CRM Analytics, Data Prep has reserved keywords that need special handling when manually writing formulas. Use double quotes " when referencing dataset columns that share a name with reserved keywords. To avoid cross-referencing your column names to this list, the best practice is to use double quotes around all column names.
products:
  - CRM Analytics
  - Cross Cloud
release: "264"
---
# Reserved Keywords in Formulas

In CRM Analytics, Data Prep has reserved keywords that need special handling when manually writing formulas. Use double quotes `"` when referencing dataset columns that share a name with reserved keywords. To avoid cross-referencing your column names to this list, the best practice is to use double quotes around all column names.

## Reserved Keywords in Formulas

Enclose dataset columns that share a name with a reserved keyword in double quotes. For example, if your dataset has a column named **Month**, you can enter this expression:

```
case when "Month" = ‘New’ then ‘High’ else ‘Low’
```

<table class="slds-table slds-table_bordered slds-max-medium-table_stacked slds-m-bottom_small " summary="Data Prep Reserved Keywords">
        <caption>Data Prep Reserved Keywords</caption>
        <colgroup>
          <col style="width:33.33333333333333%">
          <col style="width:33.33333333333333%">
          <col style="width:33.33333333333333%">
        </colgroup>
        <tbody>
          <tr class="">
            <td class="slds-cell-wrap" style="vertical-align:top;">
              <ul class="simple">
                <li>ABS</li>

                <li>ADD_MONTHS</li>

                <li>AND</li>

                <li>ARRAY</li>

                <li>ARRAY_JOIN</li>

                <li>ARRAY_CONTAINS</li>

                <li>BETWEEN</li>

                <li>CASE</li>

                <li>CEIL</li>

                <li>CHAR_LENGTH</li>

                <li>COALESCE</li>

                <li>CONCAT</li>

                <li>CONTAINS</li>

                <li>CURRENT_DATE</li>

                <li>CURRENT_TIMESTAMP</li>

                <li>DATE_ADD</li>

                <li>DATEDIFF</li>

                <li>DATE_FORMAT</li>

                <li>DATE_SUB</li>

                <li>DATE_TRUNC</li>

                <li>DAY</li>

                <li>DAYOFMONTH</li>

                <li>DAYOFWEEK</li>

                <li>DAYOFYEAR</li>

                <li>DISTINCT</li>

                <li>ELSE</li>

                <li>END</li>

              </ul>
            </td>

            <td class="slds-cell-wrap" style="vertical-align:top;">
              <ul class="simple">
                <li>ENDSWITH</li>

                <li>EXP</li>

                <li>FALSE</li>

                <li>FROM</li>

                <li>FLOOR</li>

                <li>FORMAT_NUMBER</li>

                <li>FROM_UNIXTIME</li>

                <li>HOUR</li>

                <li>IN</li>

                <li>INTERVAL</li>

                <li>IS</li>

                <li>ISNTR</li>

                <li>LAST_DAY</li>

                <li>LIKE</li>

                <li>LOG</li>

                <li>LOWER</li>

                <li>LTRIM</li>

                <li>MINUTE</li>

                <li>MONTH</li>

                <li>MONTHS_BETWEEN</li>

                <li>NEXT_DAY</li>

                <li>NOW</li>

                <li>NOT</li>

                <li>NULL</li>

                <li>NULLIF</li>

                <li>OR</li>

                <li>POWER</li>

              </ul>
            </td>

            <td class="slds-cell-wrap" style="vertical-align:top;">
              <ul class="simple">
                <li>QUARTER</li>

                <li>REPLACE</li>

                <li>ROUND</li>

                <li>RTRIM</li>

                <li>SECOND</li>

                <li>SIZE</li>

                <li>SPLIT</li>

                <li>SQRT</li>

                <li>STRING</li>

                <li>SUBSTR</li>

                <li>SUBSTRING</li>

                <li>STARTSWITH</li>

                <li>THEN</li>

                <li>TITLE</li>

                <li>TO</li>

                <li>TO_DATE</li>

                <li>TO_TIMESTAMP</li>

                <li>TO_UNIX_TIMESTAMP</li>

                <li>TRIM</li>

                <li>TRUE</li>

                <li>TRUNC</li>

                <li>TRUNCNUMBER</li>

                <li>UPPER</li>

                <li>WHEN</li>

                <li>WEEK</li>

                <li>WEEKOFYEAR</li>

                <li>YEAR</li>

              </ul>
            </td>

          </tr>
        </tbody>
      </table>

These additional keywords are reserved in formulas with the **Multiple row formula** turned on. Use double quotes `"` when referencing dataset columns that have any of these names.

- `CURRENT`
- `DENSE_RANK`
- `FIRST_VALUE`
- `LAG`
- `LAST_VALUE`
- `LEAD`
- `RANK`
- `ROW_NUMBER`
- `SUM`

#### See Also

- [String Functions for Formulas](https://help.salesforce.com/s/articleView?id=analytics.bi_integrate_recipe_stringfunctions.htm&release=264.0.0&type=5 "In CRM Analytics, use string functions to create values based on other strings. For example, you can change the casing of text strings, concatenate values from multiple columns, and replace values. The arguments for string functions must be text strings or fields.")